‍ September

 

‍ Whereas Labor Day used to be considered the beginning of autumn, global warming has now made September just another month of summer.   This September had 16 days with temperatures eighty or above with 5 of those in the nineties.  it’s hard to distinguish how September varied from August or July.  Per gardening, I can remember when it was necessary to have plastic tarps ready as early as the third week of the month to protect tomato and peppers overnight from frost.   University of Illinois stats show that the1991-2020 average growing season length is 15 to 20 days longer than the 1971-2000 average.  This I have anecdotally noticed myself.  The spring sowing and planting dates that I observed 180 miles south of my present location in my gardening youth are applicable now here in northern IL.   

 

 

Sept 20. Harvested sweet peppers for stuffing and hot peppers for pickling and drying.

 

Peppers are temperature sensitive plants.  It does not take a freeze to stop production.  Only the super hot Thai peppers were still blooming and producing new fruit at the end of the month.

 

PEPPER A Nightshade family member used as food since 7500 BC in South America; spreading  to Central America between 5200 and 3400 BC.  Even today the wild ancestral chiles are harvested and held in same regard as the domesticated variants. Peppers were brought to Europe by the conquistadors and later spread to Asia and Africa by Portugese sailors and merchants. A reason the American pepper was adopted by Europe so quickly is because it was a satisfactory replacement for black pepper which was so expensive at that time that it was used in some places as a currency. 

‍    Peppers are rich in vitamin A and C as well as antioxidants. Capsaicin that produces the heat in peppers is an antibacterial and anesthetic. Researchers are studying internal ingestion of capsaicin for possibly reducing the pain of arthritis, psoriasis, and diabetic-neuropathy. Topical creams incorporating capsaicin are regularly used to treat osteoarthritis pain. Capsaicin also is thought to help clear congestion, reduce blood cholesterol, prevent stomach ulcers, boost immunity, and aid weight loss. The nutrient value in peppers increases with maturity, so red is better than green.

 

Jalafuego -  70 days - the hottest jalapeño, registering from 4,000 to 6,000 Scoville units, is often double the size of the traditional jalapeño!  Vigorous, 30-in. tall plants are highly resistant to Potato Virus and Bacterial Leaf Spot.   Developed by Sakata.

 

King Arthur aka Fat 'N Sassy  - 60 days - the large, blocky peppers developed by Petoseed are sweet, thick-walled, and ripen from green to bright red. The upright, multi-virus resistant plants set fruit well in heat with thick foliage providing excellent cover.                

 

Melrose - 55-75 Days  A superb heirloom brought to a Chicago suburb by Italian emigrants Joseph and Lucia Napolitano in 1903. Tender and sweet, thin skinned, 4" fruits, turn brilliant red and are produced very early. Flavor is good when harvested green, but becomes sweeter and more intense when allowed to mature. Great fresh, stuffed or fried.
                                                                      

Super Thai - 71 day - high pungency pepper that adds zest to stir fry dishes, sauces, and other foods. Vigorous plants bred by Petoseed grow 20” tall with strong stems, abundant foliage and heavy fruit set. As fruits mature they turn from green to dark red and measure 2-3” in length. Super Thai is the earliest, largest Thai pepper with resistance to tobacco mosaic.     

 

Sept 25.  Harvested celery and parsley leaves to dry for herb mix.

 

‍    Wild celery, a member of the Parsley family, is native to the Mediterranean area and has been consumed by humans since as early as 4,000 B.C.  People in Egypt, Rome and China used the wild plant medicinally and to cure hangovers.  The Greeks, Egyptians, and Romans also used wild celery's leaves to weave victory crowns for athletes.  Archaeologists discovered a celery wreath in Tutankhamen's tomb.

‍    Culinary celery cultivation began in the 1600s in Europe and largely served  as a filler food to bulk up meals - the original hamburger helper.   One chicken feeds one person, but add it to soup with lots of vegetables, and it feeds a whole family.   Europeans selected celery for crunchy, succulent stems while the Chinese cultivated a leafier variety.

 

Nan -Ling  60 days - cutting celery is an heirloom Asian celery variety that has a sweet and delicate flavor familiar in many Chinese dishes. Known for its smaller size,  Kintsai, as it’s often called, can be used for microgreens after 30 days. The fine green leaves and thin hollow stems are especially good to flavor soups and stews. Both stocks and leaves are cut at a younger, more tender stage than regular celery.

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Tango  - 80 days - reliable and vigorous, Tango is a great improvement over older celery varieties as it is more tolerant of less than ideal conditions. This Bejo hybrid produces dark green, thick stalks with lots of great celery flavor. Tango is less likely to become stringy and tough than older varieties.

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Parsley obviously also belongs to the Parsley family. Parsley leaves were used by the ancient Greeks and Romans both as a flavoring and garnish. The leaves are used fresh or dried. Their mildly aromatic taste goes well with fish, meats, soups, sauces, and salads. Antioxidants and anti-inflammatory properties of parsley aid in kidney health and prevention of high blood pressure, gout, acid reflux, and bad breath. 

 

Prezzemolo Gigante D Italia 

75-80 days.  Giant of Italy is an heirloom large flat leaf type parsley with excellent flavor.. Perfect for sauces. High in essential oil content, with a stronger flavor than curly leafed parsley, this variety is a good source for vitamins A, C, and K. 

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Mitsuba  An uncommon heirloom aromatic herb cultivated for Japanese cuisine that has a parsley & celery essence. Use the leaves, slender white stalks or even the roots for salads, flavoring soups, rice dishes or garnish. Use as a young seedling or harvest stalks at 6-8”. Grows best in moist shady areas during the summer heat or full sun in the cooler early and late part of the season. 

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